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Buying young

My post last week about the 20-year-old woman who just bought a home has prompted a lively discussion and more questions. It also prompted the young woman to respond. So, here’s more on it:

Here’s the link to the original post, On the flip side. It includes my radio interview with Denise Tejada, now 21, and the original Youth Radio piece about her and her 22-year-old brother. They both recently bought homes in the San Francisco Bay area. Her family immigrated from El Salvador. They are US citizens.

Denise got an FHA loan to buy her home for $155,000. She took out a second loan (called a 203-K loan) to refurbish the place. The total loan amount is about $183,000. She says, “In total, I gave the bank $5,087 + $1,500 which were all deposit and closing costs.”

So her “down payment” was no more than 4% of the value of the home when she bought it. She will get all of that back and then some with the first-time home buyer tax credit. However, as one commenter pointed out, she will have to stay in the home for three years to keep the credit.

Denise’s fulltime job covers her $1328 a month mortgage payment which includes insurance and taxes. Her two part-time jobs cover her living expenses. She makes $2470 a month. 54% of her income goes to service the mortgage. Here’s what she says about that:

… I’m left with $1,142 per/month, which is plenty for me. I have two credit cards—that I barely touch—a cable bill, gas, food, and utilities. I’m not scraping to get by.

During a time when so many people are losing jobs, of course, I think about what would happen if I lost one of mine. However, I honestly think I am prepared. I have some options. I could find renters for my two additional bedrooms. I’m young and able-bodied and ready to work, so I could probably still get work that other people don’t want. For instance, I could clean floors, windows, etc. I don’t want to be someone that depends on the government to sustain me financially. I was brought up with a work ethic of working hard until the end. If I was really strained financially, I know my family would be there to support me.

She’s gotten plenty of feedback, including this comment:

Denise, this is going to sound harsh, but copy this post and file it away on your computer. I fully expect you to be foreclosed on before 2012. And the reason why I’m not giving a shorter timeline is that I’m assuming that you’re going to get several credit cards and max those out as you play the credit juggling game…

First, there is a HUGE housing glut in this country. The country is currently experiencing negative household formation which makes the housing oversupply even worse. Based on this statistic alone, housing prices will continue to fall until an equilibrium is reached - by my ballpark estimates, that’ll be 2014 or so.

Denise says with the fix-up, her home has increased in value by $100,000. I have serious doubts she could sell it for $250,000 now or anytime soon. But beyond the valuation issue, she doesn’t seem to be in fantasy land:

I came to this country to achieve the American Dream. I’m an immigrant and I know the value of hard work and making good, honest choices. I didn’t buy this house on a whim. Buying a house is a risk for anyone, and as a young buyer, I’ve been challenged all along the way. With hard work and sound decisions, I’m planning to prove my doubters wrong.

Still, the issue for a lot of people is not only the fact that she’s chosen to do this instead of going to college - at least for now - but also, the government is subsidizing her choice. Clusterstock’s John Carney picked up the story and wrote this:

The Tejada family obviously has a very strong worth ethic and a savings ethic as well. Unfortunately, something appears to have gone haywire when it comes to homes. The children were encouraged to work and save but then to spend their savings on homes and to be completely unafraid of massive amounts of debt. This is, in short, a living breathing example of the ideology of home ownership at work.

We wish the Tejada’s nothing but the best of luck. We hope she really can keep paying her mortgages and that she somehow makes money on her house. But it is outrageous that the FHA is guaranteeing her loans, putting the taxpayer on the hook for her precarious financial situation.

Feel free to add to the discussion here…

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Comments (11)

3than | Respond
October 20, 2009 10:28 AM PT

As somebody who participated in the 203k program I can attest to its ability to provide a viable solution for a house that wouldn’t otherwise qualify for an FHA loan due to condition problems.

FHA loans require that that the house pass inspections with much higher criteria like age of major mechanical features and roof etc. Prior to the existence of exotic loans like Alt-A and Option ARMS the primary cause of late payments and foreclosure was major repairs. A heater fails and you need to fix it, so you don’t pay your mortgage.

Secondly when doing a 203k you must get an appraisal for the value of the house as if all the work is done prior to being approved for the loan. So you need to know what improvements need to be made and have actual contractors estimates in hand prior to closing on the house. It is a major undertaking to buy a house using the 203k process. I’m confident that if she can undergo that process successfully then she is probably organized and has her stuff together and can handle whatever life throws at her.

Now the idea of doing all this prior to having a college education is questionable, but after reading Mathew Crawford’s Shop Class as Soulcraft I’m indifferent to this whole Creative Class/New Economy thing. She might be better off just becoming an electrician.

Jane B | Respond
October 20, 2009 10:43 AM PT

I’m curious about the comment dinging the Tejeda family for taking on “massive” amounts of debt. How big a mortgage is that commenter carrying? It sounds pretty patronizing, to me. The FHA is insuring LOTS of loans for people of all kinds. If it’s outrageous for the Tejedas, then it’s outrageous period. Even for some of your own neighbors. We live in a county that ranks as one of the most affluent in the country, and there are foreclosed homes foreclosed all around us — some that were purchased for ten and twenty times what Tejeda paid. That’s too much money for the FHA to insure, so in a way it’s comparing apples to oranges. But with all the ire directed toward the Tejedas, where is the ire directed at people who truly took on massive amounts of debt? The Tejedas sound like people who are playing by the rules, know what they are into, and are determined to make it work. They don’t deserve ugly comments.

JPM: responding to Jane B | Respond
October 20, 2009 12:34 PM PT

Most of the outrage I’ve seen is to the government and its leaders, but Bernanke, Geithner, and Obama don’t seem to be listening. With the Fed soaking up and adjusting thousands of these mortgages, it is just keeping prices artificially high and therefore delaying the leveling/decrease of the market. Considering competition, I would have to work three jobs or get renters to be able to afford a house because people are willing to do so to own a home and the government doesn’t want negative price fluctuations.

It seems odd that the government is encouraging and enticing people to borrow so much money considering that is what started this trouble. Denise is smart because she has very little money into the deal and little risk, but it’s the government that could take a heavy loss. You can’t have ire for CEOs or banks if you have none for Denise because they both utilized the system that the government has laid out. I can’t wait to vote out some old incumbents.

Anonymous: responding to Jane B | Respond
October 21, 2009 6:47 AM PT

“It sounds pretty patronizing to you” eh?

It’s not patronizing - it’s just correct. Did you read the article? The government should not be promoting these types of crazy loans, particularly because of what you speak of (everyone is defaulting or underwater with their current mortgages). With the $8,000 tax credit she put ZERO EQUITY down from what I understand. So there’s no downside for her (can you blame her?) but massive downside….the loan is actually more than the value of the house (or at least 100% of it).

The point should not be “wow she’s a hardworker and wants to pay the loans back (both good things) isn’t that great!!” but rather that 1) it’s an untenable loan (she’s working 2-3 jobs to pay the mortgage and even then it’s a razor-thin margin) 2) she has no equity stake in the house (i.e. she essentially had to put ZERO money down which is what completely messed up the banks and housing markets) and 3) the government has no business making (or forcing banks to make) these kinds of irresponsible loans - many of which won’t be paid back and will continue to default.

And the fact that this is still going on is the biggest point here…Jane B refers to older mortgages BUT THIS IS STILL GOING ON WHYYYYYY!!!

Last I read, defaults are CONTINUING to rise, not fall, and now it sees we havne’t learned our lesson and we’re creating a whole new crop of them. That’s crazy. And

Why in the world is ANYONE in the response part of this lauding this entire process or example of foolish government largesse? There is NOTHING good about this fro anyone (other than Denise…she seems to be the one getting a great deal (but I would never advise anyone to put themselves under the pressure she’s under re the mortgage payments - too much in my opinion no room for error).

Anonymous: responding to Anonymous | Respond
October 21, 2009 10:32 AM PT

I think they’re desperately trying to put anyone they can into houses to soak up the excess in the market.

Of course that will just lead to more building…of houses that nobody can afford.

adam | Respond
October 20, 2009 11:02 AM PT

I laud Denise in her determination to own a home. I wish I would have bought a home rather than go to college, I then could have borrowed against that home to buy a business. I think Clusterstock’s comments are a bit shortsighted… college also creates massive amounts of debt. If the student gets their loan from the department of education, the taxpayer is still on the hook if its not paid back.

Just a note on foreclosures. I believe a lot of those foreclosures could have been prevented by lifestyle changes. A quick survey while my friend and I were buying a foreclosure, over 90% of foreclosures we went through had a direct tv dish on the roof. I admit that our measure was a very unscientific one, but it is interesting.

eh: responding to adam | Respond
October 21, 2009 1:05 AM PT

I laud Denise in her determination to own a home.

Why? How do you know it would not be cheaper to rent in that area? Or have a roommate in order to save even more money, as many young people do. Have you noticed the stock market rally? She could be putting all that money into the market and making a handsome return (yes, I know about risk, but in the last few years people have also discovered that owning a home entails risk too).

Granted there are tax advantages to ‘owning’. But if I had my way, those would be eliminated — the government ought to get out of the housing market entirely.

In short, you have no idea whether her decision to buy is sound financially or not. At the least, I would suggest that it is far from clear that her house will appreciate significantly in the foreseeable future. And if all she really needs is a decent place to live, and with carrying and opportunity costs that seem substantial…

I don’t understand this almost knee-jerk, positive reaction to a decision to take on a lot of debt in order to ‘own’ a home. Especially now, i.e. with what we’re seeing unfold. And we’ll see who actually ‘owns’ that house if/when she has trouble making the payments.

Federico | Respond
October 20, 2009 3:49 PM PT

It may look like Tejeda has taken a big amounts of debts and risk. However, if something goes wrong, and I unfortunately believe it will, she only loses her creditworthiness. If the house market recovers, she will make a huge return on her investment. Taxpayers will take the risks while she may pocket a profit. I cannot think of any other investment that has so little risks and so much potential. Do you still think it was such a bad deal after all?

Sharon | Respond
October 20, 2009 8:19 PM PT

I wanted to comment on the point other commenter’s made, that Tejeda would be better off investing her money in a college education. I don’t agree that college is always a good investment. It can be just as bad an investment as risky real estate.

Many people don’t finish the programs they start and many don’t work in the fields they supposedly trained in. Many college educated people do work that they could have gotten without the college education - not always low paying work either.

Maybe for this young woman at this point in time, a house is a good investment. She certainly seems very articulate and has thought a lot about what she is doing. A lot of people don’t spend enough time choosing their college programs and colleges.

I also wanted to comment on how some people think that it would be a horrible life if she lived in the house but rented out rooms. The mentality that this is wrong is how we got into the financial mess that we are in. We expect too much! My partner did exactly that when he was on his own - scraped together the money to put down on a house and rented out whatever he could - and within 15 years his house was paid for. He still lives in the house and hasn’t had a mortgage payment in 10 years. What is so sad about that?

Kal | Respond
October 22, 2009 1:04 PM PT

To all the people who support her decision: Would YOU have loaned her the money? It’s a lot easier to be “nice” with other people’s money.

Dave | Respond
October 24, 2009 8:46 PM PT

Kal has hit the nail on the head with a beautifully succinct response - Would you lend her the money?

There’s a reason why responsible lenders want payments to be about one-third of income. Any higher and the default risk quickly rises to unacceptable levels. Plus you want to see some skin in the game with a 10-20% down payment.

Denise may or may not be one of the ones to default. But how many loans out of 100 like this will default? Oh wait, I know…how about if we pool together a couple of thousand mortgages like this and then slice and dice them up into complex financial instruments to spread the risk? Then we get the ratings agencies to slap a AAA rating on it…..

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